Immunostimulation Pathways of Extracellular Nucleosomes
Received Date: Dec 17, 2020 / Accepted Date: Jan 04, 2021 / Published Date: Jan 11, 2021
Abstract
Circulating nucleosomes released from dying or damaged cells have been observed to be associated with in-flammation and autoimmune diseases, indicating that extracellular nucleosomes have immunostimulation. Early studies have demonstrated that extracellular nucleosomes can induce immune responses in a TLR9-dependent mechanism. A very recent study reported that extracellular nucleosomes can be taken up by mammalian cells. After cellular uptake, nucleosomes bind and activate cGAS in the cytoplasm, inducing the expression and secre-tion of type I interferons and proinflammatory cytokines. Thus, the cGAS-dependent mechanism represents a new pathway for the immunostimulation of extracellular nucleosomes.
Keywords: Nucleosome; Immunostimulation; cGAS; TLR9
Citation: Wang H, Zhou C (2021) Immunostimulation Pathways of Extracellular Nucleosomes. J Infect Dis Ther 9:448. Doi: 10.4172/2332-0877.1000448
Copyright: © 2021 Wang H, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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