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Abstract

Foot and ankle osteoarthritis (OA) is increasingly recognized as a significant health burden in aging populations worldwide. This systematic review aims to synthesize current literature on the prevalence and risk factors associated with foot and ankle OA among older adults. A comprehensive search of electronic databases identified studies published between 2000 and 2023 that reported on prevalence rates and risk factors for foot and ankle OA. The review included cross-sectional studies, cohort studies, and population-based surveys. Key findings indicate that foot and ankle OA prevalence rates vary widely across different populations, with higher rates observed in older age groups and among women. Common risk factors include age, obesity, previous joint injury, genetic predisposition, and occupational factors involving repetitive stress. The impact of foot and ankle OA on physical function, quality of life, and healthcare utilization underscores the need for effective prevention strategies and targeted interventions. Further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying foot and ankle OA development in aging populations and to inform evidence-based management approaches.