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Abstract

Pediatric imaging presents unique challenges and opportunities in radiology due to the distinct physiological, developmental, and medical needs of children. Advances in imaging technologies, including improved resolution, reduced radiation exposure, and the development of specialized protocols, have transformed pediatric radiology. This review examines the principles and advancements in pediatric imaging, focusing on the applications of X-ray, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and nuclear medicine in the pediatric population. It discusses the specific considerations in pediatric radiology, including radiation safety, contrast agents, and developmental considerations, while highlighting the emerging roles of new imaging technologies. The paper also explores the clinical applications of pediatric imaging in diagnosing congenital anomalies, evaluating trauma, and managing pediatric diseases, along with future directions in the field.