Research Article
Polychlorinated Dibenzo-P-Dioxins (PCDD), Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans (PCDF) and Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls (Dl-PCB) in the Baltic and Arctic Fish and the Further Trophic Transfer of these Pollutants to Seabirds
Elżbieta Niemirycz1, Joanna Szlinder-Richert2, Ott Roots3,4, Lucyna Falkowska1, Ksenia Pazdro5, Agata Zaborska5, Matti Verta6, Grażyna Sapota7, Maria Witt1, Andrzej R Reindl1 and Marta E Kobusińska1*1University of Gdansk, Institute of Oceanography, Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, 46 Marszalka Pilsudskiego Str., Gdynia 81-378, Poland
2National Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Department of Food and Environmental Chemistry, Kollataja Str, Gdynia 81-332, Poland
3Estonian Environmental Research Centre, Marja 4D, 10 617 Tallinn, Estonia
4University of Tartu, Estonian Marine Institute, Mäealuse 10A, 12 618 Tallinn, Estonia
5Institute of Oceanology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 55 Powstancow Warszawy Str, Sopot 81-712, Poland
6Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), P.O. Box 140 Helsinki, Finland
7Maritime Institute in Gdansk, Department of Environmental Protection, 41/42 Dlugi Targ Str, Gdansk 80-830, Poland
- *Corresponding Author:
- Marta E Kobusińska
University of Gdansk, Institute of Oceanography
Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection
46 Marszalka Pilsudskiego Str., Gdynia 81-378, Poland
Tel: +48 58 523 66 44
E-mail: marta.kobusinska@ug.edu.pl
Received date: November 24, 2016; Accepted date: February 08, 2017; Published date: February 16, 2017
Citation: Niemirycz E, Szlinder-Richert J, Roots O, Falkowska L, Pazdro K, et al. (2017) Polychlorinated Dibenzo-P-Dioxins (PCDD), Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans (PCDF) and Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls (Dl-PCB) in the Baltic and Arctic Fish and the Further Trophic Transfer of these Pollutants to Seabirds. J Marine Sci Res Dev 7:221. doi: 10.4172/2155-9910.1000221
Copyright: © 2017 Niemirycz E, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
The study presents the analysis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans (PCDD/F) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCB) in fish and seabirds from the Baltic Sea area and the Arctic region (the Svalbard Archipelago). Long-time studies revealed no significant temporal trends in PCDD/F and dl-PCB concentrations in fish from the Baltic Sea. Trace amounts of PCDD/F were detected in the Arctic fish as an evidence of their anthropogenic sources from the temperate zone, however congener profile in the cod was entirely different than in the Baltic fish. On the contrary, both concentrations and profiles of dl-PCB were comparable in cod from the Baltic Sea and from the polar region. PCDD/F`s congener profile in African penguin`s tissues breed in captivity and fed only by herring exhibited a clear resemblance to the profiles measured in herring. This indicates a relevant impact of diet (fish) on PCDD/F`s level in seabirds. Diet impact on the further transfer of these xenobiotics in the trophic chain, evidenced in the presented study, appears to be of the particular relevance due to the human health.
