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Background: Tinnitus is a symptom caused by various diseases, which can severely affect quality of life. People who have
a very annoying tinnitus probably have a deficit in the habituation process of the central auditory cortex. The Mismatch
Negativity (MMN) is a test that evaluates the neural response to an unexpected sound, capable to objectively document the
neural plasticity of the auditory system. Our question is: Would it be capable to identify a possible failure of neural habituation
of the auditory pathway in patients with moderate tinnitus?
Aim: This study aims to evaluate the MMN in individuals with normal hearing and significant tinnitus, and compare the
results with a control group without tinnitus.
Methods: Patients with normal hearing and tinnitus and patients with normal hearing and no tinnitus were submitted to MMN
test. Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were used to evaluate the tinnitus annoyance. The
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) was applied to screen anxiety and depression.
Results: Group without tinnitus consisted of 13 patients with normal hearing and without tinnitus. The Tinnitus group had 25
patients with normal hearing and annoying tinnitus. The mean tinnitus annoyance assessed by VAS was 8.5. The average THI
was 52.1%. HAD Scale in the tinnitus group scored an average of 9.2 for anxiety and 7.3 for depression and the group without
tinnitus score 4.1 for anxiety and 1.4 for depression. The average MMN amplitude in the tinnitus group was -0.88 uV in the
right ear (RE) and -1.13 in the left ear (LE). In non-tinnitus group the amplitudes were 1.01 uV in RE and -1.19 uV in LE. In
tinnitus group the mean latency was 208.34 ms in the RE and 209.92 ms in the LE. In non-tinnitus group they were 217.38 ms
in the RE and 215.69 ms in LE. There was a statistically significant difference in mean latencies when the research group was
compared to the group control.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that MMN can be a tool to evaluate the habituation process of the central auditory pathways
in tinnitus patients. More work is needed in this area to confirm our findings.
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