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Wheat covers the most important food crops in the world and in Nepal in terms of area coverage and
productivity. Heat stress and drought stress are the most important limiting abiotic factors for wheat
production. The field research was conducted at Bhairahawa, Nepal on December 26, 2021, at the Institute of
Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Paklihawa under heat stress and drought conditions to identify traits
that highly contribute to grain yield and are suitable for further improvement. The research was conducted in
an alpha-lattice design with two replications under heat stress and drought environments. Each replication
consists of 5 blocks and 4 plots. The measurement of each plot was 4 m by 2.5 m whereas each plot consists of
10 rows with a spacing of 25 cm between the rows and there was continuous sowing in a row. The correlation
of grain yield with each of seven parameters i.e., plant height, number of grains per spike, number of spikelets
per spike, spike length, spike weight, test weight and spike per m2 was found to be positive. Yield attributing
characters spike per m2 (r = 0.365) showed highly significant correlation with yield; followed by number
of spikelets per spike (r = 0.318), plant height (r = 0.317), test weight (r = 0.310), spike length (r = 0.244),
spike weight (r = 0.233) and number of grains per spike (r = 0.130). Path coefficient analysis revealed that the
magnitude of the positive direct effect on grain yield was the highest for spike per m2 (0.61267) followed by test
weight (0.3228), number of spikelets per spike (0.27009), plant height (0.21373), spike length (0.18794) and
number of grains per spike (0.1365). It shows that only spike weight contributes for a negative direct effect on
grain yield. Hence, it is clear from the study the number of spikes per m2 is the trait that needs to be selected
for high yield under heat stress and drought conditions.
Biography
Mukti Ram Poudel is affiliated to Tribhuvan University, Nepal. He is a recipient of many awards and grants for his valuable contributions and discoveries in major area of subject research. His international experience includes various programs, contributions and participation in different countries for diverse fields of study. His research interests reflect in his wide range of publications in various national and international journals.
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