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Abstract

Waste water pollution has always been a major problem throughout the world. The lack of suitable water used for drinking, agriculture, farming, etc. has declined through the years. With a shortage of water throughout the world, proper methods of treating and recycling water are the key goal in sustaining our limited water resource supply. Geographically speaking, the wastewater pollution within Uganda has affected the environment, society, and agriculture. The water pollution crisis in Uganda has brought up an issue of efficient wastewater treatment methods to help alleviate their problems. Throughout this paper, we will discuss the topics on the effects of wastewater pollution towards the environment and the society (health factors, agriculture, economic impacts, etc). At the same time, proposals for wastewater treatment procedures and facilities to help the water crisis in Uganda will be discussed. The lack of clean water has always been an issue of environmental concern all over the world. This environmental issue is mainly stressed in developing countries today. The main sources of water pollution are: industrial (chemical, organic, and thermal wastes), municipal (largely sewage consisting of human wastes, other organic wastes, and detergents), and agricultural (animal wastes, pesticides, and fertilizers). Concerning the health factors of the society, we must take into consideration the number of innocent people that are affected by the polluted waters. These health factors include the effect on humans due to the toxins and hazardous pollutants in the water system. From an environmental analysis, the disruption of the environment and the ecosystem would alter the natural capital of Uganda. These environmental concerns includes: wetlands, groundwater contamination (also affect hydrologic cycle), the effects on plant biomass, the effects on wildlife habitat due to pollutants, and an overall negative ecosystem impact. Environmental issues are important; however, other important factors come into play. There are potential political, economical and technical issues to consider. As for the economical concerns, Uganda would have to take into consideration the total cost to build/fund a new project on a wastewater treatment plant. By building a wastewater treatment plant, the land availability has to be flexible enough to establish areas with the new treatment facilities.

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