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Abstract

Co-infection with tuberculosis and human immune deficiency virus possess a tremendous challenge on TB control. Especially in developing countries, non-adherence to anti-TB remains the major problem in these patients. This results in a high risk for increased rate of multi-drug resistance TB. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with non-adherence to anti-TB drugs among TB/HIV co-infected patients in Tigray region, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study with qualitative and quantitative methods was conducted among TB/HIV co-infected patients in the regional hospitals of Tigray in March 2013. Consecutive sampling was used to select the participants. Data was collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Qualitative data were collected through key informant interview using topic guide and analyzed manually. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. The prevalence of non-adherence was 46.7 % and 55.8 in the three and five days prior to the interview, respectively. Having no care giver OR=3.242 (95%CI =1.189-8.841) was significantly associated with non-adherence. The prevalence of non-adherence was very high. But this study may over-estimate the prevalence of nonadherence since only one day of dose omission was considered as non-adherence.

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