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Abstract

The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection is higher in developing countries than in the industrialized world probably reflecting the critical influence of socio-economic factors. The prevalenceamong adults is over 80 percent in many developingcountries as compared to 20 to 50 percent in industrializedcountries. The outcome of infection with H. pylori varies widely, a large fraction of infected individuals remain asymptomatic, a small fraction develops peptic or duodenal ulcers, an even smaller fraction develop gastric adenocarcinoma and MALT-lymphoma. We are investigating whether there is any correlation between the composition of the gastric microbiota and clinical outcome of H. pylori infection in the Indian population.Gastric endoscopy samples were collected from individuals with different clinical symptoms ranging from asymptomatic to peptic and duodenal ulcers to gastric cancers. For each sample 16SrDNA libraries were created and next generation sequencing was performed. The relative abundance of different genera in the gastric microbiome of individuals with different clinical symptoms and asymptomatic individuals was compared. In general, the most abundant genera in the gastric microbiota of asymptomaticindividuals without H. pylori infection or very low abundance of H. pylori (less than 1% of the gastric microbiota) were Hemophilus, Streptococcus and Neisseria. None of these genera were detected in patients with high abundance of H. pylori and severe gastric lesions instead a more diverse microbiota with almost equal abundance of Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, Corynebacterium and Rothia was observed.Furthermore, the effect of the normal gastric microbiota on growth and expression of virulence genes in H. pylori has been examined.

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