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Abstract

Background & Aim: Norovirus genogroup I (NV GI) and NV GII sapovirus (SaV) genogroups I, II, IV, and V , human rotavirus A(HRV), adenovirus serotypes 40 and 41 (AdV) and human astrovirus (AstV) are the most common causes of viral gastroenteritis and result in large outbreaks of viral diarrhea. An estimated 1.8 million children die each year from largely preventable enteric illnesses with the large majority of these mortalities occurring in developing countries. Gastroenteritis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. Astrovirus and norovirus are the major viral pathogens responsible for gastroenteritis. In this study performs to determine the prevalence of astrovirus and norovirus in fecal specimens of children with gastroenteritis. Material & Methods: In this study 2490 stool samples from children less than five years with gastroenteritis from five cities of Iran were collected. The prevalence of human astroviruses and norovirus was tested in patients with acute gastroenteritis by using conventional duplex reverse transcription (RT) -PCR and electrophoresis. Result: RT-PCR was evaluated with 2490 stool samples containing 2.96% Norovirus-positive(3.21% Tehran, 3.55% Tabriz, 1.23% Mashhad, 4.5% Shiraz, 4.11% Bandar Abbas). In both retrospective and prospective setting, the RT-PCR was equally sensitive and specific in detecting Norovirus and astrovirus was detected in 1.6% of samples. There is no relation between age, sex and type of virus. There is no relation between age, sex and type of virus. Conclusion: Astroviruses and norovirus are important viral agents of gastroenteritis in Iran. Because of co-infection of astrovirus, improved personal hygiene will reduce the incidence of co-infections.

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